jiimaan

<img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/A_memoir_of_Jacques_Cartier%2C_sieur_de_Limoilou_-_his_voyages_to_the_St._Lawrence._A_bibliography_and_a_facsimile_of_the_manuscript_of_1534%2C_with_annotations%2C_etc._%281906%29_%2814580484929%29.jpg/320px-thumbnail.jpg" class="right"> You and two of your friends decide to build a gwitn, what the Ojibwe call jiimaan or the Spanish call canoa (a word from the Arawak). An experienced boat-builder will guide you but wants you to learn mostly by doing. Your first task will be to decide on the length and width. It must be big enough for the three of you but not too big to safely handle. <hr> [[Next]] {(set: $crab to false) (set: $wampum to false) (set: $tortoise to false) (set: $quills to false) (set: $flint to false) (set: $frog to false) (set: $wampumCount to 0) (set: $quillsCount to 0) }

You know that this afternoon, there will be multiple people gathered in the cove to trade. Probably you can get some good advice on gwitn dimensions there. Maybe you can find something on your way to offer for their help. Looking at the sun, you know there's some time, but not a lot of time. <hr> Do you want to get to the cove by going along [[the rocky shore|shore]], through [[the meadow|meadow]], or through [[the woods|woods]]? {(set: $hours to 1.5) (set: $mark to 0)}

{(set: $hours to $hours +1) (if: $hours >= 5 and $hours <= 6) [<div class="warn">Warning, the sun is low and you are almost out of time!</div>] (else-if: $hours > 6) [(goto: "lose")]} The tide is low right now so you can easily make your way through the rocks and sand. The sun has moved a hand. <hr> Do you want to take time to look for a [[crab]], look for [[wampum shells|wampum]], or just head to [[the cove|cove]]?

{(set: $hours to $hours +1) (if: $hours >= 5 and $hours <= 6) [<div class="warn">Warning, the sun is low and you are almost out of time!</div>] (else-if: $hours > 6) [(goto: "lose")]} The meadow is dotted with trees and rocks and has a stream running through it. You also see your Ojibwe friend, Nimkii. The sun has moved a hand. <hr> Do you want to talk to your [[friend|seventeen]], collect [[gawi'g|porcupine]] (Ojibwe - gaawayag), or just head to [[the cove|cove]]?

{(set: $hours to $hours +1) (if: $hours >= 5 and $hours <= 6) [<div class="warn">Warning, the sun is low and you are almost out of time!</div>] (else-if: $hours > 6) [(goto: "lose")]}The forest at the lower elevation has stands of birch, poplar, and aspen mixed in among the spruce trees. Higher up are the cedar and balsam trees. In a small clearing, you see your friend, Kesik. The sun has moved a hand. <hr> Do you want to talk to [[Kesik|pig]], try to catch a [[sqolj|frog]] (Ojibwe - omakakii), or just head to [[the cove|cove]]?

{(set: $hours to $hours + 0.1) (set: $direction to (random: 1, 3))} The sun moves a few fingers. You see a crab in a tidal pool. If you can anticipate it's move, you can catch it. <hr> Will it go [[left|leftCrab]], [[straight|straightCrab]], or [[right|rightCrab]]?

{(set: $hours to $hours + 0.1) (set: $wampum to true) (set: $some to (random:2, 5)) (set: $wampumCount to $wampumCount + $some)} The sun moves a few fingers. You see $some wampum shells that you collect. (if: $wampumCount >= 20) [You have $wampumCount, that seems enough.] <hr> Do you [[keep collecting|wampum]], look for a [[crab]] or go to the [[cove]]?

{(if: $hours >= 5 and $hours <= 6) [<div class="warn">Warning, the sun is low and you are almost out of time!</div>] (else-if: $hours > 6) [(goto: "lose")]} <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/No53p253_micmacs-e02-tribus_indigene_du_labrador.jpg/320px-No53p253_micmacs-e02-tribus_indigene_du_labrador.jpg" class="right"> The cove is busy with groups of people talking and trading, while others are repairing and loading boats of different kinds. When you are ready, you can give your dimensions to your mentor (make an estimate). <hr> Do you want to talk to an [[Abenaki ropemaker|Abenaki]], a [[Basque whaler|Basque]], a [[Mi'kmaq sawyer|Mikmaq]], an [[Ojibwe trader|Ojibwe]], a [[Portuguese fisher|Portuguese]], or make an [[estimate]]? You could also go back to the [[shore]], [[meadow]], or [[woods]].

In the meadow, you see your Ojibwe friend, Nimkii. "Boozhho, do you want to play a game I just learned?" You ask how to play. "When it's your turn you can say either bezhig, niizh, or niswi and that gets added to the total. Whoever first gets to ashi-niizhwaaswi (17) wins!" {(set: $number to (array: "bezhig", "niizh", "niswi", "niiwin", "naanan", "ningodwaaswi", "niizhwaaswi", "nishwaaswi", "zhaangaswi", "midaaswi", "ashi-bezhig", "ashi-niizh", "ashi-niswi", "ashi-niiwin", "ashi-naanan", "ashi-ningodwaaswi", "ashi-niizhwaaswi"))} <hr> Do you want to [[play]] or [[not|no17]]?

{(set: $hours to $hours + 0.1) (set: $quills to true) (set: $some to (random:2, 5)) (set: $quillsCount to $quillsCount + $some)} The sun moves a few fingers. You see $some porcupine quills that you collect. (if: $quillsCount >= 20) [You have $quillsCount, that seems enough.] <hr> Do you [[keep collecting|porcupine]], talk to your [[friend|seventeen]] or go to the [[cove]]?

Your friend shows you something he got from a Portuguese sailor. It's a piece of ivory with six equal sides and dots on each side. "They use it to play games, kind of like we play Waltes," he says. "I learned this game they call Porco. Let's play." <hr> [[Next|goPig]]

{(set: $hours to $hours + 0.1) (set: $direction to (random: 1, 3))} The sun moves a few fingers. You see a frog in some bushes. If you can anticipate it's move, you can catch it. <hr> Will it go [[left|leftFrog]], [[straight|straightFrog]], or [[right|rightFrog]]?

The Abenaki ropemaker thanks you for the gift. "Wlioni. Canoes are all about the same height, so what you need to know is the product of length times width. You can try this formula: length (in handspans) times the width (in handspans) divided by 20. That tells you the maximum number of people you can put in your boat." You say you're not sure what a handspan is. "Stretch out your hand, it's from the pinky tip to thumb tip. About four of those to an English yard." "Oh and make sure the length is at least three times the width." <hr> [[back|cove]]

The Basque thanks you for the gift. "Eskerrik asko. You want to estimate the size of your canoe, eh? Well if you want to learn a formula, you can calculate the volume of a typical boat. Then figure that you need about 20 cubic feet per person." <img src="https://i.imgur.com/43RgRtz.png" class="right" alt="formula"> "That formula is 2/3 times the square of half the width times half the length times 22/7 (Archimedes' constant)." "For example, a boat that is 20 feet long and 6 feet wide would have a volume of 2/3 times 3 squared times 10 times 22/7." He does some figuring ... |more>[] (live: 3s)[ (replace: ?more)["About 190 cubic feet. That's big enough for 9 people." <hr> [[back|cove]] ] (stop:) ]

The Ojibwe trader thanks you for the gift. "Miigwech. Maybe it will help you to know that our jiimaan is 19 feet long by 4 feet wide, using the European measure. And that's for five people. So for three you would need it to be smaller." "Additionally, you should also make sure the length is at least three times the width but not more than five times." <hr> [[back|cove]]

The Portuguese fisherman thanks you for your gift. "Obrigado. Well, in school I was taught Archimedes' law of displacement. When you put something in the water, the volume that goes below the water is equal to the volume of water of an equal weight." "I figure that your birch bark canoes are 40 to 80 pounds, depending on the size. Add the weight of three people and that's maybe 500 pounds. Freshwater is about 62 pounds per square foot. So that's ..." |more>[] (live: 3s)[ (replace: ?more)["About 8 cubic feet." <hr> [[next|displacement2]] ] (stop:) ]

{ (if: $mark > $hours - 1) [(goto: "wait")] (set: $mark to $hours)} <div id="drop">Pick your gwitn dimensions Length (feet): (dropdown: bind $pickL, "9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18") Width (feet): (dropdown: bind $pickW, "2","2.5","3","3.5","4","4.5","5","5.5","6")</div> <hr> [[Submit]]

(if: (passage:)'s tags contains "donotshow")[] (else:)[ Inventory: {(if: $crab is true)[a crab ] (if: $wampum is true)[some wampum shells, about (print: $wampumCount) ] (if: $tortoise is true)[a tortoise shell ] (if: $quills is true)[some gawi'g, about (print: $quillsCount) ] (if: $flint is true)[a piece of flint ] (if: $frog is true)[a frog]} ]

Sorry, the sun set and everyone went home. <hr> Play [[again|Next]] or [[no]]?

Try again another time.

"I would love to help you but first I need to find a tortoise shell or at least 15 wampum shells." <hr> (if: $tortoise is true) [give the [[tortoise shell|divide1]] ] (if: $wampumCount >= 15) [give the [[wampum|divide2]] ] [[Don't give anything|cove]]

"I would love to help you but first I need to find a tortoise shell or a crab." <hr> (if: $tortoise is true) [give the [[tortoise shell|ellipse1]] ] (if: $crab is true) [give the [[crab|ellipse2]] ] [[Don't give anything|cove]]

"I would love to help you but first I need to find some flint or at least 15 wampum shells." <hr> (if: $flint is true) [give the [[flint|scale1]] ] (if: $wampumCount >= 15) [give the [[wampum|scale2]] ] [[Don't give anything|cove]]

"I would love to help you but first I need to find a piece of flint or at least 20 gaawayag." <hr> (if: $flint is true) [give the [[flint|ratio1]] ] (if: $quillsCount >= 20) [give the [[porcupine quills|ratio2]] ] [[Don't give anything|cove]]

"I would love to help you but first I need to find a tortoise shell or a frog." <hr> (if: $tortoise is true) [give the [[tortoise shell|displace1]] ] (if: $frog is true) [give the [[frog|displace2]] ] [[Don't give anything|cove]]

(set: $tortoise to false) (goto: "ellipse")

(set: $crab to false) (goto: "ellipse")

(set: $tortoise to false) (goto: "divide")

(set: $wampum to false) (set: $wampumCount to 0) (goto: "divide")

(set: $tortoise to false) (goto: "displacement")

(set: $frog to false) (goto: "displacement")

"Okay, do [[you|you start]] want to start or should [[I start]]?" (set: $total to 0) (set: $add to 0)

"You can say [[bezhig]], [[niizh]], or [[niswi]]."

"Hmmm ..." |more>[] (live: 3s)[ (replace: ?more)["I say bezhig" "You can say [[bezhig]], [[niizh]], or [[niswi]]."] (stop:) ] (set: $total to 1)

(set: $total to $total + 1) (if: $total < 14)[(goto: "next")] (else-if: $total is 17)[(goto: "lose17")] (else:)[(goto: "win17")]

(set: $total to $total + 2) (if: $total < 14)[(goto: "next")] (else-if: $total is 17)[(goto: "lose17")] (else:)[(goto: "win17")]

(set: $total to $total + 3) (if: $total < 14)[(goto: "next")] (else-if: $total is 17)[(goto: "lose17")] (else:)[(goto: "win17")]

The total after your turn is (print: $number's ($total)) ($total) {(if: $total % 4 is 0)[(set: $add to 1)] (else-if: $total % 4 is 2)[(set: $add to 3)] (else-if: $total % 4 is 3)[(set: $add to 2)] (else:)[(set: $add to (either:1, 2))]} "Hmmm ..." |more>[](live: 3s)[(replace: ?more)["I say (print: $number's ($add))" The total is now (print: $number's ($total)) ($total) You can say [[bezhig]], [[niizh]], or [[niswi]]. ](stop:)] (set: $total to $total + $add)

The total after your turn is (print: $number's ($total)) ($total) {(if: $total % 4 is 0)[(set: $add to 1)] (else-if: $total % 4 is 3)[(set: $add to 2)] (else:)[(set: $add to 3)]} "Hmmm ..." |more>[] (live: 3s)[ (replace: ?more)["I say (print: $number's ($add))" "That makes ashi-niizhwaaswi. I win!" "Do you want to [[play]] again or [[no|no17]]?"] (stop:) ]

"Congratulations, you win!" (set: $tortoise to true) <hr> Do you want to collect [[gawi'g|porcupine]] (Ojibwe - gaawayag) or just head to [[the cove|cove]]?

Do you want to collect [[gawi'g|porcupine]] (Ojibwe - gaawayag) or just head to [[the cove|cove]]?

(if: $direction is 1) [Excellent, you caught the crab (set: $crab to true) Do you want to collect [[wampum shells|wampum]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else-if: $direction is 2) [The crab went straight. Do you want to [[keep trying|crab]] or collect [[wampum shells|wampum]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else: ) [The crab went right. Do you want to [[keep trying|crab]] or collect [[wampum shells|wampum]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ]

(if: $direction is 2) [Excellent, you caught the crab (set: $crab to true) Do you want to collect [[wampum shells|wampum]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else-if: $direction is 1) [The crab went left. Do you want to [[keep trying|crab]] or collect [[wampum shells|wampum]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else: ) [The crab went right. Do you want to [[keep trying|crab]] or collect [[wampum shells|wampum]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ]

(if: $direction is 3) [Excellent, you caught the crab (set: $crab to true) Do you want to collect [[wampum shells|wampum]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else-if: $direction is 2) [The crab went straight. Do you want to [[keep trying|crab]] or collect [[wampum shells|wampum]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else: ) [The crab went left. Do you want to [[keep trying|crab]] or collect [[wampum shells|wampum]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ]

(set: $flint to false) (goto: "ratio")

(set: $quills to false) (set: $quillsCount to 0) (goto: "ratio")

(if: $direction is 1) [Excellent, you caught the frog (set: $frog to true) Do you want to talk to [[your friend|pig]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else-if: $direction is 2) [The frog went straight. Do you want to [[keep trying|frog]] or do you want to talk to [[your friend|pig]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else: ) [The frog went right. Do you want to [[keep trying|frog]] or do you want to talk to [[your friend|pig]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ]

(if: $direction is 2) [Excellent, you caught the frog (set: $frog to true) Do you want to talk to [[your friend|pig]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else-if: $direction is 1) [The frog went left. Do you want to [[keep trying|frog]] or to talk to [[your friend|pig]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else: ) [The frog went right. Do you want to [[keep trying|frog]] or to talk to [[your friend|pig]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ]

(if: $direction is 3) [Excellent, you caught the frog (set: $frog to true) Do you want to talk to [[your friend|pig]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else-if: $direction is 1) [The frog went left. Do you want to [[keep trying|frog]] or to talk to [[your friend|pig]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ] (else: ) [The frog went straight. Do you want to [[keep trying|frog]] or to talk to [[your friend|pig]] or just head to the [[cove]]? ]

"You roll this cube and count the dots or pips on the top face." "Pips?" you ask. "Well that's because they look like little seeds." Oh, makes sense. <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/D6_5.svg" alt="die" class="right"> "Whatever you roll, you add to your total for the turn. You can stop and add that total to your total for the game. First to 50 wins. Ah, I see that you're wondering why you don't just keep rolling? Because if you roll a six, that means you were too greedy and you lose all your points for your turn." <hr> [[Next|nextPig]]

(set: $yourTotal to 0, $myTotal to 0, $yourTurn to 0, $myTurn to 0) "Okay, I'll start ..." <hr> [[Next|myDecide]]

(set: $myRoll to (random: 1, 6)) (set: $myTurn to $myTurn + $myRoll) (set: $temp to $myTotal + $myTurn) (if: $myRoll is 6) [(goto: "myBust")] (else-if: $temp > 49) [(set: $myTotal to $temp)(goto: "myWin")] (else-if: $myTurn < 10 + (sqrt:$yourTotal)) [(goto: "myRoll")] (else:) [(goto: "myStop")]

"I rolled a (print: $myRoll)" "I win!" My total: (print: $myTotal) Your total: (print: $yourTotal) <hr> "Play [[again|nextPig]] or [[not]]?"

{(set: $hours to $hours + 0.1)} The sun moves a few fingers. <hr> Do you want to [[try to get a frog|frog]] or just head to the [[cove]]?

"I rolled a (print: $myRoll)" "ooh, bad luck!" My total: (print: $myTotal) Your total: (print: $yourTotal) "Your turn." (set: $myTurn to 0) <hr> [[Next|yourGo]] or [[stop playing|not]]

"Okay, your turn. Good luck." <hr> [[Next|yourDecide]]

"I rolled a (print: $myRoll)" My turn total so far: (print: $myTurn) <hr> [[Next|myDecide]]

"I rolled a (print: $myRoll)" "Okay, I'll stop there." (set: $myTotal to $myTotal + $myTurn) My total: (print: $myTotal) Your total: (print: $yourTotal) "Your turn." (set: $myTurn to 0) <hr> [[Next|yourGo]] or [[stop playing|not]]

(set: $yourRoll to (random: 1, 6)) (set: $yourTurn to $yourTurn + $yourRoll) (set: $temp to $yourTotal + $yourTurn) (if: $yourRoll is 6) [(goto: "yourBust")] (else-if: $temp > 49) [(set: $yourTotal to $temp)(goto: "yourWin")] (else:) [(goto: "yourRoll")]

"You rolled a (print: $yourRoll)" Your turn total so far: (print: $yourTurn) <hr> [[Roll again|yourDecide]] or [[stop|yourStop]]

(set: $yourTotal to $yourTotal + $yourTurn) My total: (print: $myTotal) Your total: (print: $yourTotal) "My turn." (set: $yourTurn to 0) <hr> [[Next|myDecide]] or [[stop playing|not]]

"You rolled a (print: $yourRoll)" "ooh, bad luck!" My total: (print: $myTotal) Your total: (print: $yourTotal) "My turn." (set: $yourTurn to 0) <hr> [[Next|myDecide]] or [[stop playing|not]]

"You rolled a (print: $yourRoll)" "You win!"(set: $flint to true) My total: (print: $myTotal) Your total: (print: $yourTotal) {(set: $hours to $hours + 0.1)} The sun moves a few fingers. <hr> Do you want to [[try to get a frog|frog]] or just head to the [[cove]]?

(set: $flint to false) (goto: "scale")

(set: $wampum to false) (set: $wampumCount to 0) (goto: "scale")

The sawyer thanks you for the gift. "Wela'lin. Hmm ... I suppose we could build some small little canoes and then put little people in them to see." You can picture little model canoes but wonder about "little people." "We'll use three askutasquash for people, they're about right. Oh that's a Narragansett word. Here, you can borrow these - they're about a foot tall. I can quick build different sizes and we can see how they float." <hr> What dimensions do you want to try? [[1.5 ft X 0.5 ft|model1]] | [[2 ft X 0.5 ft|model2]] | [[2.25 ft X 0.75 ft|model3]] | [[3 ft X 0.75 ft|model4]]

{(set: $hours to $hours + 0.1)} The sun moves a few fingers. The sawyer helps you build a 1.5 foot by 0.5 foot canoe. You put it in the water and add three squash ... |more>[] (live: 3s)[ (replace: ?more)[The canoe is pushed down and begins to take on water. <hr> Do you want to try a canoe of [[2 ft X 0.5 ft|model2]] | [[2.25 ft X 0.75 ft|model3]] | [[3 ft X 0.75 ft|model4]] or [[move on|cove]]? ] (stop:)]

{(set: $hours to $hours + 0.1)} The sun moves a few fingers. The sawyer helps you build a 2 foot by 1/2 foot canoe. You put it in the water and add three squash ... |more>[] (live: 3s)[ (replace: ?more)[The canoe sits low in the water. A little wave might swamp it. <hr> Do you want to try a canoe of [[1.5 ft X 0.5 ft|model1]] | [[2.25 ft X 0.75 ft|model3]] | [[3 ft X 0.75 ft|model4]] or [[move on|cove]]? ] (stop:)]

{(set: $hours to $hours + 0.1)} The sun moves a few fingers. The sawyer helps you build a 2.25 foot by 0.75 foot canoe. You put it in the water and add three squash ... |more>[] (live: 3s)[ (replace: ?more)[The canoe seems stable in the water. <hr> Do you want to try a canoe of [[1.5 ft X 0.5 ft|model1]] | [[2 ft X 0.5 ft|model2]] | [[3 ft X 0.75 ft|model4]] or [[move on|cove]]? ] (stop:)]

{(set: $hours to $hours + 0.1)} The sun moves a few fingers. The sawyer helps you build a 3 foot by 0.75 foot canoe. You put it in the water and add three squash ... |more>[] (live: 3s)[ (replace: ?more)[The canoe seems to sit rather high in the water. You add a fourth squash and it seems stable. <hr> Do you want to try a canoe of [[1.5 ft X 0.5 ft|model1]] | [[2 ft X 0.5 ft|model2]] | [[2.25 ft X 0.75 ft|model3]] or [[move on|cove]]? ] (stop:)]

"You probably want your canoe to sit about a half foot down in the water. Now if a boat was built like a box or crate, finding that volume would be easy - length times width times height. For instance 4 feet by 4 feet by a half foot would get the 8 cubic feet we're looking for." You point out that you don't want a box-like canoe. "Right, so we have to account for that taper all around. Maybe add 75% to the length and 75% to the width. Oh, if you don't follow that, I mean figure your length and width to get the 8 cubic feet displacement and then multiply both by 1.75." <hr> [[Next|cove]]

Your mentor tells you "Take some time to think about it and maybe get some advice before making another estimate." <hr> [[next|cove]] (set: $mark to $hours)

{(set: $length to (num: $pickL))(set: $width to (num: $pickW))(set: $ratio to $length/$width)(set: $keyVal to $length * $width / 15) (if: $ratio < 3) [(goto: "fat")] (else-if: $ratio > 5) [(goto: "skinny")] (else-if: $keyVal < 2.9) [(goto: "small")] (else-if: $keyVal > 3.8) [(goto: "big")] (else:) [(goto: "win")]}

The length can't be more than 5 times the width. Rethink your design, seek some advice. <hr> [[Next|cove]]

The length can't be less than 3 times the width. Rethink your design, seek some advice. <hr> [[Next|cove]]

Your boat would be too small for three people. Rethink your design, seek some advice. <hr> [[Next|cove]]

Your boat would be too big for three people to handle. Rethink your design, seek some advice. <hr> [[Next|cove]]

Your mentor approves your design! Now you have to start building. (set: $code to (random: 50, 350) * 23 + 5) Confirmation code: (print: $code)