MPNF

<img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nelson_Mandela_and_the_Congressional_Black_Caucus.jpg/320px-Nelson_Mandela_and_the_Congressional_Black_Caucus.jpg" style="float:right; margin-left:10px;"> The year is 1993. You are the chief adviser to Nelson Mandela, president of the African National Congress (ANC). The ANC has agreed to talks to end white-minority rule in South Africa as part of the Multiparty Negotiating Forum (MPNF). [[next]] {(set: $momentum to 30) (set: $chaos to 15) (set: $koppigheid to 45) (set: $eventsOne to (shuffled: "ANC and IFP clash violently", "COSATU conference", "Capital flight", "Chris Hani assasinated")) (set: $eventsTwo to (shuffled: "Violence in worker hostels", "Corruption in Homelands", "Mineworkers strike", "SADF assessment of Angola")) (set: $eventsThree to (shuffled: "MK Training Camp Abuses", "Afrikaaner Volksfront action in Boputhatswana", "Attack on the MNPF", "De Klerk Reveals Nukes")) (set: $showFooter to false) (set: $step to 1) }

<img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Map-Africa-Southern_Africa-Regions.png/281px-Map-Africa-Southern_Africa-Regions.png" title="southern Africa" style="float:right;margin:10px"> In order to successfully negotiate an end to white-minority rule, the ANC must build momemtum behind their goals of a united South Africa and justice for the victims of apartheid. The ANC must overcome the stubborn resistance in the ruling National Party and convince the general population that revolutionary change won't bring chaos. [[next|conditions]]

Specifically, in order for the ANC to win, the level of revolutionary momentum must be greater than both the levels of chaos and koppigheid (Afrikaan for stubbornness). 26 parties and groups have gathered at the World Trade Centre in Kempton park, just outside the capital, Johannesburg. You must confront the first crisis facing the MPNF. (click: "first crisis")[(go-to: 1st of $eventsOne)] (set: $showFooter to true)

(if: $showFooter is true)[Current levels - <table><tr><td>momentum</td><td>$momentum</td></tr> <tr><td>chaos</td><td>$chaos</td></tr> <td>koppigheid</td><td>$koppigheid</td></tr>]

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/1HW4MOm.jpg" class="left"> Between 1970 and 1988, some $55 billion of capital has been systematically siphoned out of the South African economy through manipulation of the trading system. The magnitude of capital flight, in the face of what is generally regarded as a highly interventionist National Party government, reflects the power of business and financial communities who were simultaneously arguing against sanctions and disinvestment in the 1970s and 1980s. Do you [[accuse a conspiracy|conspiracy]] or [[encourage reinvestment|reinvestment]]? (set: $step to $step + 1)

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/ZRfI64v.jpg" class="left"> Inkatha was initially formed in 1975 as a Zulu cultural organization, operating with the ANC's blessing. Gradually, however, Buthelezi moved closer to the National Party, which provided him with money, weapons and a Zulu "homeland" inNatal—KwaZulu. Even as he forged his ownnetwork of warlords in Natal, Buthelezi became South Africa's Great White Hope abroad, the "moderate" alternative to the ANC. When theANC's United Democratic Front moved in on Buthelezi's turf in the '80s, the war in Natal began. Do you [[call for peace|peace]] or [[blame a "third force"|thirdForce]]? (set: $step to $step + 1) (set: %chaos to $chaos + 3)

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/pA4HhSC.jpg" class="left"> The Congress of South African Trade Unions (Cosatu) was launched on 1 December 1985, at the height of the struggle against apartheid. As a federation, it brought together many of the unions formed after the wave of strikes at the beginning of 1973 which marked a renewal of trade union activity after a decade-long lull. (set: $step to $step + 1) Do you [[confront the bosses|confront]] or [[delay striking|delay]]?

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/PUit3VK.jpg" class="left"> The assassination of Chris Hani `[`leader of the South African Communist Party`]` is a heinous crime against not only his person and his family but also against the people of our country as a whole. Those responsible for this terrible deed are demented enemies of justice, democracy and peace in our country. - NELSON MANDELA (set: $step to $step + 1) Do you [[accuse a conspiracy|HaniConspiracy]] or [[call for justice|justice]]?

While the rank and file of the ANC agree that big business has only themselves to blame for capital flight, the big banks and mining companies condemn your "socialist rhetoric." You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. {(set: $momentum to $momentum + 6) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 5)}

While the rank and file of the ANC grumble that big business has only themselves to blame for capital flight, a spokesperson for the Chamber of Commerce praises the "ANC's patriotism." You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum - 4) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 7)

You argue that the clashes benefit neither the ANC nor the IFP. The focus must be on ending the violence and divisions apartheid created. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum - 3) (set: $chaos to $chaos - 5) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 3)

You argue that the government has fomented the violence and blame the IFP for becoming a stooge of the government. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum + 2) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 9) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 4)

The union movement is fighting for a new South Africa and their demands are just. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum + 4) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 5) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 2)

The first priority must be securing an agreement for democratic elections. The new government will address workers demands. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum - 6) (set: $chaos to $chaos - 2) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 4)

The white nationalist who killed Chris Hani is really doing the government's secret dirty work. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum + 3) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 8)

We must have a unified call for peaceful protest and justice. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum - 2) (set: $chaos to $chaos - 4) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 3)

{(if: $step is 2)[(go-to: 2nd of $eventsOne)] (else-if: $step is 3)[(go-to: 1st of $eventsTwo)] (else-if: $step is 4)[(go-to: 2nd of $eventsTwo)] (else-if: $step is 5)[(go-to: 1st of $eventsThree)] (else-if: $step is 6)[(go-to: 2nd of $eventsThree)] (else:)[(go-to: "nationalization")]}

Double-click this passage to edit it.

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/8dffysW.jpg" class="left"> “In South Africa, labor conflict and tensions in work hierarchies have also been – and remain – disproportionately likely to lead to physical violence. And work settings have reflected South Africa’s broader history of structural and symbolic violence: highly unequal, racialized orders have been strikingly durable, while worker precariousness and vulnerability – notorious under apartheid – has deepened in unexpected ways.” Do you [[seek a deal|deal]] or [[mobilize support for the strikers|mobilize]]? (set: $step to $step +1)

The economy depends on the continued production of the mines. A bad economy would cripple a new democratic government. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum - 5) (set: $chaos to $chaos - 2) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 3)

The ANC draws its strength from its alliance with the union movement. The government knows that it can't afford a long strike. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum +6) (set: $chaos to $chaos +1) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid +2)

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/qspfMrG.jpg" class="left"> Grim, mainly single-sex dormitory blocks dotted round South Africa’s main cities, the hostels are one of the lesser-known legacies of apartheid and the migrant labor system enforced on blacks by the white minority rule. As apartheid caved in, brigades of Zulu men armed with spears and traditional shields were mobilized in them and unleashed on neighboring townships, in a power struggle between the Zulu Inkhatha Freedom Party and Nelson Mandela’s African National Congress (ANC). Do you [[organize resistance|resistance]] or [[seek talks|talks]]? (set: $step to $step +1)

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/Ayrdiu1.jpg" class="left"> The homelands were only kept afloat by massive subsidies from the South African government; for instance, by 1985 in Transkei, 85% of the homeland's income came from direct transfer payments from Pretoria. The Bantustans' governments were invariably corrupt and little wealth trickled down to the local populations, who were forced to seek employment as "guest workers" in South Africa proper. Do you [[call for reforms|reforms]] or [[call to abolish the homelands|abolish]]? (set: $step to $step +1) (set: $koopigheid to $koopigheid -2)

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/lqs5HAg.jpg" class="left"> “Whether it was a tactical retreat by the SADF or an Angolan forces victory one cannot contest that the battle at Cuito Cuanavale was a turning point that brought the border war to an end and led to the peace negotiations that saw the withdrawal of the SADF, MK and Cuban forces from Angola and Namibia and led to the independence of Namibia.” Do you [[praise Cuba|praise]] or [[stay silent|silent]]? (set: $koopigheid to $koopigheid -2) (set: $step to $step + 1)

Without the courageous efforts of Cuban and Angolan fighters, South Africa's policy of dominating its neighbors to suppress the liberation struggle would have succeeded. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum +5) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid +2)

Thanking Fidel Castro openly alienates Western supporters of the ANC. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum -5) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid -3)

ANC supporters are under attack and must be organized in self defense. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum +2) (set: $chaos to $chaos +9) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid +1)

The hostel system was created by apartheid policies. The divisions need healing. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum -1) (set: $chaos to $chaos - 4) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 3)

The homelands urgently need reform and an end to corruption before being phased out eventually. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum -5) (set: $chaos to $chaos -2) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid -2)

The homelands stand in the way of true democracy and must be abolished. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum +5) (set: $chaos to $chaos +6) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid +1)

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/7aIc161.jpg" class="left"> Troops of the right-wing AWB stormed the World Trade Centre near Kempton Park where the MNPF was in session. The action was in protest against negotiations for a future democracy in South Africa. The invaders broke through the glass front of the building with an armored car, then took over the main conference hall, threatening delegates and painting slogans on the walls, but left again soon after. (set: $step to $step + 1) Do you [[call for calm|calm]] or [[walk out of talks in protest|walk out]]?

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/J4xnG6m.jpg" class="left"> “During a clandestine 15-year program, South Africa built six crude atomic bombs and was at work on a seventh when it decided to dismantle its arsenal, President F. W. de Klerk said today. “In South Africa, where distrust is the legacy of apartheid, and abroad, many suspect the Government was also motivated by a desire to prevent its atomic weapons from someday falling into the hands of a black government.” (set: $step to $step + 1) Do you [[ignore the decision|ignore]] or [[protest the decision|protest]]?

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/k6wopBH.jpg" class="left"> The ANC leadership said this discontent was evidence that a spy ring was intent on replacing the leadership with South African security branch plants. The security arm began a witchhunt during which many were detained and tortured. At one stage almost half of the people at the organisation’s Quibaxe camp in Angola were suspected of being involved in the plot. The ANC’s security organ had become far tougher since the post-1976 cadres had returned from training by the notorious East German Stasi. They became known as Mbokodo (the grinding rock) or “The Panelbeaters” by those in exile. (set: $step to $step + 1) Do you [[admit the abuses|admit]] or [[blame `"`spies`"`|spies]]?

<img src="https://i.imgur.com/R82nM4J.jpg" class="left"> … the situation was only worsening and President Mangope was advised to leave Bophuthatswana for his own protection. He promptly left his country via helicopter. By late afternoon virtually all law enforcement authority had broken down and the military was left with the responsibility of maintaining order. Following more protests and increasing rumors of ANC supporters massing on Bophuthatswana's established borders, Mangope asked the Volksfront to immediately assist in keeping the peace. (set: $step to $step + 1) (set: $choas to $chaos + 2) (set: $koopigheid to $koopigheid -2) Do you [[let the government prop up Mangope|support]] or [[try to oust Mangope|oust]]?

<img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Bantustans_in_South_Africa.svg/274px-Bantustans_in_South_Africa.svg.png" class="left"> The negotiations are over, now the conference votes. The white settlers have taken most of the land and leaving hundreds of thousands of Africans no choice but to work in the mines. On the question of nationalizations and land reform, how do you vote? Return the land taken from Africans by the colonists and [[nationalize the mines|nationalize]] Create a fund to buy land back or to give [[compensation for land loss|fund]] Create a commission to [[further study the issues|commission]]

The ANC can drive a wedge between the diehard white nationalists and the government. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum - 1) (set: $chaos to $chaos - 2) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 2)

The masses are moving and the puppet homeland governments must go. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum + 3) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 9) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 2)

The movement will be stronger for admitting the mistakes made, even crimes committed. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum - 2) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 5)

The South African government spent millions to infiltrate spies into the liberation movements. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum + 1) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 5) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 4)

Take the high road by aligning the ANC with antinuclear proliferation. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum - 1) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 2) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 3)

This is only one of many ways the old government will try to sabotage the next government. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum + 2) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 2) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 3)

This attack will be seen for what it is, a last-ditch effort to start a civil war by a small minority of the white population. You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum - 1) (set: $chaos to $chaos - 4) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 3)

The government has failed to rein in the right-wing terrorists and this is an outrage! You must confront the [[next crisis|next crisis]] facing the MPNF. (set: $momentum to $momentum + 1) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 9) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 3)

Nationalize (set: $momentum to $momentum + 6) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 3) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 8) Next, the MPNF votes on [[amnesty]]

Compensation Fund (set: $momentum to $momentum + 3) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 2) Next, the MPNF votes on [[amnesty]]

Commission (set: $momentum to $momentum - 4) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 1) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 3) Next, the MPNF votes on [[amnesty]]

<img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/13/Hector_pieterson.jpg" class="left"> The government sanctioned violence against its opponents for decades, killing not only in South Africa, but also against exiles. At the same time, innocent people were killed by acts of terrorism by the liberation forces. The white population fears retribution. On the question of amnesty, how do you vote? No amnesty, there must be [[justice for the victims|no amnesty]] Amnesty, to move forward to a [[new South Africa|full amnesty]] Conditional amnesty, with [[full disclosure|truth and reconciliation]]

No amnesty (set: $momentum to $momentum + 6) (set: $chaos to $chaos - 3) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 8) Next, the MPNF votes on should [[South Africa be a unified country?|unified]]

Conditonal Amnesty (set: $momentum to $momentum - 1) (set: $chaos to $chaos - 3) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 6) Next, the MPNF votes on should [[South Africa be a unified country?|unified]]

Full amnesty (set: $momentum to $momentum - 8) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 3) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 5) Next, the MPNF votes on [[should South Africa be a unified country?|unified]]

<img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/320px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" class="left"> The apartheid regime set up ten homelands, or Bantustans, for the African majority on 11% of the land. Under the Bantu Homelands Citizenship Act of 1970, the Government stripped black South Africans of their citizenship, which deprived them of their few remaining political and civil rights in South Africa, and declared them to be citizens of these homelands. Four of these homelands were declared independent. On the question of a unified state, how do you vote? A unified state with a [[new permanent constitution, flag, and anthem|new flag]] A unified state with a new permanent constitution, flag, and anthem [[(after a transitional period of power sharing)|transition]] A federalist state with [[autonomy given to certain areas|federalist]]

New unified state immediately (set: $momentum to $momentum + 6) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 6) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 8) See [[conference results]]

New unified state after a transitional period (set: $momentum to $momentum + 4) (set: $chaos to $chaos - 2) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid + 1) See [[conference results]]

A federalist state with some autonomous regions (set: $momentum to $momentum - 8) (set: $chaos to $chaos + 3) (set: $koppigheid to $koppigheid - 4) See [[conference results]]

(if: $chaos > $momentum)[(go-to: "chaos wins")] (else-if: $momentum > $koppigheid)[(go-to: "victory")] (else: )[(go-to: "failure")]

<h4>Multi-party conference collapses in chaos!</h4> <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Protesters_throwing_tires_to_the_fire_set_by_the_protesters_to_prevent_internal_forces_from_crossing_the_barricade_line._Kyiv%2C_Ukraine._Jan_22%2C_2014-5.jpg/320px-Protesters_throwing_tires_to_the_fire_set_by_the_protesters_to_prevent_internal_forces_from_crossing_the_barricade_line._Kyiv%2C_Ukraine._Jan_22%2C_2014-5.jpg"> You failed to negotiate for what's possible and let events spiral out of control. Maybe new negotiations can take place if peace can be restored. (link:"Start Over")[(goto:"Start")]

<h4>VICTORY!</h4> <img src="https://img.newspapers.com/img/img?institutionId=0&user=0&id=2763506&width=557&height=245&crop=485_192_2164_972&rotation=0&brightness=0&contrast=0&invert=0&ts=1591205682&h=3e5fbad1427e5c69e0507727dffb1072"> The talks succeed in ushering in a new democratic South Africa. (link:"Start Over")[(goto:"Start")]

<h4>Government abandons multi-party talks</h4> <img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928%E2%80%931994%29.svg/320px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928%E2%80%931994%29.svg.png"> Your policies failed to put enough pressure on the government to compromise in the face of what it perceived as impossible demands. Democracy has been delayed for South Africa. (link:"Start Over")[(goto:"Start")]